{"id":8230,"date":"2024-12-03T01:14:25","date_gmt":"2024-12-02T21:14:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ra.iaran.ru\/?page_id=8230"},"modified":"2024-12-03T01:14:25","modified_gmt":"2024-12-02T21:14:25","slug":"bone-and-antler-products-from-the-toretskoye-urban-settlement-of-the-15th-century-ad","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.ra.iaran.ru\/?page_id=8230&lang=en","title":{"rendered":"BONE AND ANTLER PRODUCTS FROM THE TORETSKOYE URBAN SETTLEMENT OF THE 15th CENTURY AD"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Svetlana I. Valiulina<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Kazan Federal University, Russia<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>E-mail: <a title=\"\u041f\u0438\u0441\u044c\u043c\u043e \u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 &quot;\u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0435\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f&quot;\" href=\"mailto:svaliulina@inbox.ru?subject=\u041f\u0438\u0441\u044c\u043c\u043e%20\u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e%20\u043d\u0430%20\u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435%20&amp;quot;\u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f%20\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0435\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f&amp;quot;\" target=\"_blank\">svaliulina@inbox.ru<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>Kazan Khanate, 15th century AD, Central Trans-Kama region, Toretskoye urban settlement, craft, bone and antler products.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Products made of bone and antler complement the characteristics of the material culture of the Toretskoye urban settlement, a major centre of crafts and international trade in the Kazan Khanate. In accordance with the general dating of the single-layer site, all items made of bone and antler have a reliable period of existence within the 15th century AD. Based on frequent numismatic material and other related context, the products receive the status of a chronological and, in some cases, ethnocultural reference point, and in terms of inventory and manufacturing techniques they represent products of urban production. No specialized bone-carving workshops have been found at the site; however, the presence of blanks and faulty products in the coppersmith and blacksmith workshops makes it possible to conclude that bone and antler processing was a related craft of complex production.<\/p>\n<p><strong>DOI: <\/strong>10.31857\/S0869606324020096, <strong>EDN: <\/strong>WOJXQD<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Svetlana I. Valiulina Kazan Federal University, Russia E-mail: svaliulina@inbox.ru Keywords: Kazan Khanate, 15th century AD, Central Trans-Kama region, Toretskoye urban settlement, craft, bone and antler products. Products made of bone and antler complement the characteristics of the material culture of the Toretskoye urban settlement, a major centre of crafts and international trade in the Kazan [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":8039,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-8230","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.ra.iaran.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8230","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.ra.iaran.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.ra.iaran.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.ra.iaran.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.ra.iaran.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8230"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.ra.iaran.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8230\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8231,"href":"http:\/\/www.ra.iaran.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8230\/revisions\/8231"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.ra.iaran.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8039"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.ra.iaran.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8230"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}