Nikolay A. Makarov, Leonid A. Belayev, Asya V. Engovatova
Institute of Archaeology RAS, Moscow (nmakarov10@yandex.ru, labeliaev@bk.ru, engov@mail.ru)
Key words: archaeology of Russia, the dynamics of field researches, the problems of commercialization, the right for the past, archaeology and the past.

The article has been written in accordance with the thesis made at the 4th All-Russian Archaeological Congress in Kazan. It contains the analysis of the condition of archaeological researches in Russia made recently including the fundamental science and preservation works. New achievements in the field of legislation of the cultural heritage conservation, which allow reinforcing the campaign against illegal excavations and trading antiquities, are characterized. The problem of the society’s request for taking part in studying of the archaeological heritage, the inevitability of the complexity of the contacts between the archaeology and modern culture are discussed. The task of the archaeological study of the modern Russia territory as a region of strong geographical diversity is formulated.